Knowledge base

What is a cybersecurity roadmap for a mid-market company? It is a sequenced, phased plan that takes an organisation from an ad hoc collection of tools and one-off projects to a managed security programme with owned controls, tested resilience, and a credible compliance posture. IBM’s Cost of a Data Breach Report 2024 found that organisations […]

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Updated: 15 April 2026 What is the digital euro? The digital euro is a retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) issued by the European Central Bank, serving as the digital equivalent of euro banknotes and coins. Unlike funds held in bank accounts – which are a commercial bank’s liability to the customer – the digital […]

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Updated: 8 April 2026 What is a typosquatting attack on a package registry? It is a technique in which an attacker publishes a package with a name deceptively similar to a popular, trusted library – relying on the developer making a typo or not checking the name carefully enough before installation. In February 2026, the […]

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Updated: 6 July 2026 What are APT threats and why do they affect private companies? An Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) is an advanced, long-term cyberattack conducted by highly motivated attackers, usually state-sponsored groups or organised criminal groups with quasi-state characteristics. Historically, APT activity was associated mainly with government targets and critical infrastructure. Since 2020, however, […]

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Updated: 8 April 2026 What are agentic payments? Agentic payments are financial transactions initiated and executed autonomously by AI agents – without any human involvement at the point of authorisation. The agent independently identifies a purchase need, selects a supplier, authenticates cryptographically and finalises the payment, all within a single programmatic flow. Visa defined the […]

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Updated: 7 April 2026 What are the most common CEO cybersecurity mistakes? They are not technical failures – they are leadership decisions, assumptions, and omissions that create the gaps attackers walk through. Under NIS2 (Article 20) and DORA (Article 5), management bodies can be held personally liable for cybersecurity infringements. IBM’s Cost of a Data […]

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Updated: 2 April 2026 What is a PCI DSS network diagram? A PCI DSS network diagram is a documented, up-to-date visual representation of your IT environment that shows all networks, systems, and data flows within and around the Cardholder Data Environment (CDE). PCI DSS version 4.0.1 mandates two specific diagrams under requirements 1.2.3 (network diagram) […]

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Updated: 30 March 2026 What is Verifiable Intent (VI)? Verifiable Intent is an open cryptographic standard (version 0.1-draft, published in February 2026 by the Verifiable Intent Working Group) that allows a user to define the scope of permissions for an AI agent once — and the agent then executes payment transactions independently within those boundaries, […]

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We compare 5 payment methods in Polish eCommerce: card, BLIK, BNPL, instalments and online transfer. Find out which one protects buyers best, how chargeback works and when merchants receive their funds.

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PCI audit doesn't have to mean stress and chaos. Learn how to choose an assessor who becomes your partner, not a checklist controller.

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A professional risk analysis isn’t just an ISO 27001 requirement — it’s the key to strategic security management, predictability, and lasting competitive advantage.

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